Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 151-178 (2014)
COMPUTATIONAL METHOD AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF
TEMPERATURE FIELD FOR LARGE-SPACE STEEL STRUCTURES IN FIRE
Sheng-gang Fan 1,*, Gan-Ping Shu 1, Guang-Jun She 2, J.Y. Richard Liew 3
1School of Civil Engineering, Key Laboratory of Concrete and Prestressed Structures of Ministry of Education
Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
2Nanjing Architectural Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanjing, 210000, China
3Department of Civil engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
*(Corresponding author: E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
Received: 16 October 2012; Revised: 2 February 2013; Accepted: 16 December 2013
DOI:10.18057/IJASC.2014.10.2.3
 View Article |
Export Citation: Plain Text | RIS | Endnote |
ABSTRACT
For large-space steel structures in fire, an accurate temperature field model is essential to predict the temperature distribution for response analysis of the structure. Based on the field model theories of air thermodynamics and heat transfer, the combustion process and temperature distribution of large-space steel structures in fire were analyzed in this paper. The temperature field model of large-space fire, including fire source, smoke plume and smoke layers models, was established. Closed form formulas were developed to predict the air temperature, within its application limit, near the ceiling of large-space steel structures in fire. The accuracy of the formulas was verified by comparing with results obtained from numerical method based on field models. This research provides an important theoretical basis for further studying the behavior of large-space steel structures in fire.
KEYWORDS
Large-space steel structures, fire, temperature field, computational method, numerical simulation, thermodynamics, heat transfer
REFERENCES
[1] Fan, Z., Wang, Z. and Tang, J., “Analysis on Temperature Field and Determination of Temperature upon Healing of Large-span Steel Structure of the National Stadium”, Jianzhu Jiegou Xuebao, 2007, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 32-40.
[2] Yu, F.B., Wang, X.T., Zhou, M. and Wang, W.Z., “Research on Fire Resistance Performance of Pre-stressed Suspended Steel Reticulated Shell”, Advanced Materials Research, 2011, Vol. 163, No. 1, pp. 790-794.
[3] Li, G.Q. and Du, Y., “Utility Temperature Elevation Empirical Formula in Large Space Fire”, Fire Science and Technology, 2005, Vol. 24, No. 5, pp. 283-287.
[4] Xue, H., Ho, J.C., Cheng, Y.M., “Comparison of Different Combustion Models in Enclosure Fire Simulation”, Fire Safety Journal, 2001, Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 37-54.
[5] Cooper, L.Y., “Smoke Movement in Rooms of Fire Involvement and Adjacent Spaces”, Fire Safety Journal, 1981, Vol. 3, pp. 201-214.
[6] Venkatasubbaiah, K. and Jaluria, Y., “Numerical Simulation of Enclosure Fires with Horizontal Vents”, Numerical Heat Transfer, 2012, Vol. 62, pp.179-196.
[7] Floyd, J.C., McGrattan, K.B., Hostikka, S. and Baum, H.R., “CFD Fire Simulation Using Mixture Fraction Combustion and Finite Volume Radiative Heat Transfer”, Journal of Fire Protection Engineering, 2003, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 275.
[8] Chow, W.K. and Yin, R., “Discussion on two plume formulae with computational fluid dynamics”, Journal of Fire Sciences, 2002, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 179-201.
[9] Li, G.Q. and Du, Y., “Analyses the Parameters of Fire Temperature Elevation at the top of Large Space Buildings”, Fire Science and Technology, 2005; Vol. 24, No. 1, pp.19-22.
[10] Huang, L.Y. and Wen, J.X., “Field Modelling of Large Scale Compartment Jet Fires by Constrained Equilibrium Method”, Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium, 2000, Vol. 1, pp. 361-372.
[11] Shi, C.L., Zhong, M.H., Fu, T.R. and He, L., “An Investigation on Spill Plume Temperature of Large Space Building Fires”, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2009, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 76-85.
[12] Cooper, L.Y. and Stroup, D.W., “Thermal Response of Unconfined Ceilings above Growing Fires and the Importance of Convective Heat Transfer”, Journal of Heat Transfer, 1987, Vol. 109, No. 1, pp. 172-178.
[13] Cooper, L.Y., “Heat Transfer in Compartment Fires near Regions of Ceiling Jet-wall Impingement”, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Heat Transfer Division, 1987, Vol. 73, pp. 57-62.
[14] Harmathy, T.Z., “Fire Safe Design and Concrete”, Longman Scientific & Technical, London, 1993, Vol. 1, pp. 210-211.
[15] Anon., “Design Guide: Structural Fire Safety-workshop (CIB W14)”, Fire Safety Journal, 1986, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 75-137.
[16] Vrouwenvelder, T., “JCSS Probabilistic Model Code”, Structural Safety, 1997, Vol.19, No.3, pp. 245-251.
[17] Sunil, K. and Kameswara, R.C., “Fire Loads in Office Building”, Journal of Structural Engineering, 1997, Vol. 123, No. 3, pp. 365-368.
[18] Harmathy, T.Z. and Mehaffey, J.R., “Design of Buildings for Prescribed Levels of Structural Fire Safety”, ASTM Special Technical Publication, 1985, Vol. 1, pp. 160-175.
[19] She, G.J., “The Fire Emulation and Resistance of Long-span Spatial Steel Structure Based on Performance”, Master dissertation, Southeast University, Nanjing, 2007.
[20] European Committee for Standardization (CEN), “Eurocode 1-Actions on Structures, Part 1-2: General Actions-Actions on Structures Exposed to Fire”, CEN, Brussels, 2003.
[21] Chow, W.K., Yi, L. and Shi, C.L., “Experimental Studies on Mechanical Smoke Exhaust System in an Atrium”, Journal of Fire Sciences, 2005, Vol. 23, No. 5, pp. 429-444.
[22] William, D. D., “Comparison of Algorithms to Calculate Plume Centerline Temperature and Ceiling Jet Temperature with Experiments”, Journal of Fire Protection Engineering, 2002, Vol.12, pp.9-29.
[23] Motevalli, V., “Numerical Prediction of Ceiling Jet Temperature Profiles during Ceiling Heating Using Empirical Velocity Profiles and Turbulent Continuity and Energy Equations”, Fire Safety Journal, 1994, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 125-144.
[24] Zukoski, E.E., Kubota, T. and Cetegen, B., “Entrainment in Fire Plumes”, Fire Safety Journal, 1980, Vol. 3, No.3, pp. 107-121.
[25] Gershuni, G.Y., Zhukhovitskiy, Y.M. and Yurkov, Y.S., “Vibrational Thermal Convection in a Horizontal Layer with Internal Heat Sources”, Heat Transfer - Soviet Research, 1991, Vol. 23, No. 4, pp. 959-967.
[26] Guan, D., “Calculation of Unsteady Aerodynamic”, Beijing Aeronautics and Astronautics Press, 1991.
[27] Fang, J., Shu, X.M., Yuang, H.Y. and Zhen, X., “Self-preserving Size Distribution of Fire Soot Fractal Coagulation in Flaming Combustion”, Journal of Fire Sciences, 2004, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp. 53-68.
[28] Beltaos, S. and Rajaratnam, N., “Impinging Circular Turbulent Jets”, ASCE J Hydraulics Div, 1974, Vol. 100, No. 10, pp. 1313-1328.
[29] Bai, Y., Shi, Y.J. and Wang, Y.Q., “Numerical Simulation Analysis on Temperature Field for Large-Space Structures under Fire”, China Safety Science Journal, 2006, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 34-38.
[30] Jin, X.H., Huo, R. and Li, Y.Z., “Study on Dynamic Display of Smoke Movement in Atrium Fire”, China Safety Science Journal, 1999, Vol. 4, No. 9, pp. 26-10.
[31] Research Report, “Fire Safety Evaluation Report of New Library Multi-Function Room of Nanjing”, State Key Laboratory of Fire Science of University of Science and Technology of China, 2003.