Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 354-362 (2020)
SECOND-ORDER ANALYSIS OF STEEL SHEET PILES BY PILE ELEMENT
CONSIDERING NONLINEAR SOIL-STRUCTURE INTERACTIONS
Wei-Hang Ouyang 1, Yi Yang 2, *, Jian-Hong Wan 1 and Si-Wei Liu 3
1School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, P.R. China
2 Department of Civil Engineering, Chu Hai College of Higher Education, Hong Kong, China
3Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
* (Corresponding author: E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
Received: 27 October 2020; Revised: 11 November 2020; Accepted: 12 November 2020
DOI:10.18057/IJASC.2020.16.4.8
 View Article |
Export Citation: Plain Text | RIS | Endnote |
ABSTRACT
Comparing to other supporting pile walls, steel sheet piles with a lower flexural rigidity have a more obvious and significant second-order effect with the large deformation. Also, the nonlinear Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI) can highly influence the efficiency and accuracy of the deformation and buckling of the steel sheet pile. Currently, some empirical methods with linear assumptions and the discrete spring element method are always used for the design of steel sheet piles in practical engineering. However, these methods are normally inaccurate or inefficient in considering the nonlinear SSI and the second-order effect. In this paper, a new line element, named pile element, is applied to analyze the structural behaviors of the steel sheet pile. In this new element, the soil resistance and pressure surrounding the pile as well as the pile shaft resistance are all integrated into the element formulation to simulate the nonlinear SSI. The Gauss-Legendre method is innovatively introduced to elaborate the realistic soil pressure distribution. For reducing the nonlinear iterations and numerical errors from the buckling behavior, the proposed numerical method and Updated-Lagrangian method will be integrated within a Newton-Raphson typed approach. Finally, several examples are given for validating the accuracy and efficiency of the developed pile element with the consideration of the realistic soil pressures. It can be found that the developed pile element has a significant advantage in simulating steel sheet piles.
KEYWORDS
Steel sheet pile, Finite element method, Soil-structure interactions, Lateral earth pressure, Pile deflection, Second-order effect
REFERENCES
[1] Denisov G. V., Lalin, V. V. and Abramov D. S., "Preservation of Lock Joints in Steel Sheet Piling During Vibratory Driving.", Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 51(1), 29 35, 2014.
[2] Lee S. H., Kim B. I. and Han J. T., "Prediction of penetration rate of sheet pile installed in sand by vibratory pile driver.", KSCE J. Civ. Eng., 16(3), 316 324, 2012.
[3] Yan Q. Z., Rao J. and Xie Z. Q., "Research and Use of the Steel Sheet Pile Supporting Structure in the Yellow River Delta.", Advanced Materials Research, 243 249, 2684 2689, 2011.
[4] Du Z. L., Liu Y. P. and Chan S. L., "A second order flexibility based beam column element with member imperfection.", Engineering Structures, 143, 410 426, 2017.
[5] Yang C., Yu Z. X., Sun Y. P., Zhao L. and Zhao H., "Axial residual capacity of circular concrete filled steel tube stub columns considering local buckling.", Advanced Steel Con-struction, 14(3), 496 513, 2018
[6] Sobala D., and Jarosław R., "Steel sheet piles applications and elementary design issues.", IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering, 245, 1 10, 2017.
[7] Huo T., Tong L. and Zhang Y., "Dynamic response analysis of wind turbine tubular towers under long period ground motions with the consideration of soil structure interaction.", Advanced Steel Construction, 14(2), 227 250, 2018.
[8] Tapia Hernandez E., De Jesus Martinez Y. and Fernandez Sola L., "Dynamic soil structure interaction of ductile steel frames in soft soils.", Advanced Steel Construction, 13(4), 361 377, 2017.
[9] Chen Z., Yang J. and Liu Z., “Experimental and numerical investigation on upheaval buck-ling of free span submarine pipeline.”, Advanced Steel Construction, 15(4): p. 323 328, 2019.
[10] Fang Y. S., Chen T. J. and Wu B. F., "Passive earth pressures with various wall move-ments.", Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 120(8), 1307 1323, 1994.
[11] Fang Y. S., Ho Y. C. and Chen T. J., "Passive earth pressure with critical state concept.", Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 128(8), 651 659, 2002.
[12] Lambe, T. W., and Whitman, R. V., Soil mechanics, John Wiley & Sons, 1991.
[13] Rowe P., and Peaker K. J. G., "Passive earth pressure measurements." Geotechnique, 1965, 15(1): 57 78.
[14] Han S, Gong J and Zhang Y. “Earth pressure of layered soil on retaining structures”, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 83: 33 52, 2016.
[15] Sherif M. A., Fang Y. S. and Sherif R. I., “KA and K o Behind Rotating and Non Yielding Walls”, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 110(1): 41 56, 1984.
[16] Fang Y. S. and Ishibashi I., “Static earth pressures with various wall movements”, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 112(3): 317 333, 1986.
[17] Duncan J. M. and Mokwa R. L., “Passive earth pressures: theories and tests”, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 127(3): 248 257, 2001.
[18] Recommended practice for planning, designing and constructing fixed offshore plat-forms Working stress design, American Petroleum Institute, Washington DC, USA, 2000.
[19] Phanikanth V. S., Choudhury D. and Reddy G. R., “Response of single pile under lateral loads in cohesionless soils”, Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 15(10), 813 830, 2010.
[20] Lee F., Hong S., Gu Q. and Zhao P., “Application of large three dimensional finite element analyses to practical problems.”, International Journal of Geomechanics, 11(6), 529 539, 2011.
[21] Wang S. T., L. Vasquez and X. Daqing, “Application of Soil Structure Interaction (SSI) in The Analysis of Flexible Retaining Walls.”, International Conference on Geotechnical & Earthquake Engineering 2013, 567 577, 2013.
[22] Technical specification for retaining and protection of building foundation excavations, Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development, PRC, 2012.
[23] Design of plated structures: Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures, part 1 5: Design of plated structures., British Standards Institution, London, UK, 2012.
[24] Liu S. W., Wan J. H., Zhou C. Y., Liu Z. and Yang X., "Efficient Beam Column Fi-nite Element Method for Stability Design of Slender Single Pile in Soft Ground Mediums.", International Journal of Geomechanics, 20(1), 2020.
[25] Li X., Wan J., Liu S. and Zhang L., "Numerical formulation and implementation of Eu-ler Bernoulli pile elements considering soil structure interaction responses.", International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 44(14), 1903 1925, 2020.
[26] Timoshenko, S. P. and Gere, J. M., General theory of elastic stability, Courier Corporation, 1973.
[27] Lee K. S. and Han S. E., "Semi rigid elasto plastic post buckling analysis of a space frame with finite rotation.", Advanced Steel Construction, 7(3), 274 301, 2011.
[28] Tang Y. Q., Liu Y. P. and Chan S. L., "A co rotational framework for quadrilateral shell elements based on the pure deformational method.", Advanced Steel Construction, 14(1), 90 114, 2018.
[29] Iu C. K. and Bradford M. A., "Higher order non linear analysis of steel structures, part i: elastic second order formulation.", Advanced Steel Construction, 8(2), 168 182, 2012.
[30] Huang Z. F., and Tan K. H., "FE simulation of space steel frames in fire with warping effect.", Advanced Steel Construction, 3(3), 16, 2007.
[31] Liu S. W., Liu Y. P. and Chan S. L., "Advanced analysis of hybrid steel and concrete frames Part 2: Refined plastic hinge and advanced analysis.", Journal of Constructional Steel Re-search, 70, 337 349. 2012.
[32] Liu S. W., Liu Y. P. and Chan S. L., "Direct analysis by an arbitrarily located plastic hinge element Part 1: Planar analysis.", Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 103, 303 315, 2014.
[33] Liu S. W., Bai R., Chan S. L. and Liu Y. P., "Second Order Direct Analysis of Domelike Structures Consisting of Tapered Members with I Sections.", Journal of Structural Engi-neering, 142(5), 2016.
[34] Vincent van D., "Global buckling mechanism of sheet piles: The influence of soil to the global buckling behaviour of sheet piles.", Delft University of Technology, 2020.
[35] Ni P., Mangalathu S., Song L., Mei G. and Zhao Y., "Displacement Dependent Lateral Earth Pressure Models.", Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 144(6), 2018.