Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 253-263 (2021)
NUMERICAL STUDY ON SHEAR BEHAVIOUR OF ENHANCED C-CHANNELS IN
STEEL-UHPC-STEEL SANDWICH STRUCTURES
Chang-Hui Li 1, Jia-Bao Yan 2, *, Hui-Ning Guan 2, 3 and Hong-Long Wang 3
1 School of Transportation Science and Engineering & Airport engineering research base, Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China
2 School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
3 Tianjin Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute, Tianjin 300392, China
*(Corresponding author: E-mail:This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
Received: 24 January 2021; Revised: 4 May 2021; Accepted: 4 May 2021
DOI:10.18057/IJASC.2021.17.3.4
 View Article |
Export Citation: Plain Text | RIS | Endnote |
ABSTRACT
This paper firstly developed a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model (FEM) for enhanced C-channels (ECs) in steel-UHPC-steel sandwich structures (SUSSSs). The FEM was validated by 12 push-out tests on ECs with UHPC. With the validated FEM, this paper performed in-depth parametric studies on shear behaviours of ECs with ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). These investigated parameters included bolt-hole gap (a), grade (M) and diameter (d) of bolt, core strength (fc), length of C-channel (Lc), and prestressing force ratio on bolt (ρ) in ECs. Under shear forces, the ECs in UHPC exhibited successive fractures of bolts and C-channels. Increasing the bolt-hole gap within 0-2 mm has no harm on the ultimate shear resistance, but greatly improves the slip capacity of ECs. Increasing grade and diameter of bolts improves the shear resistance and ductility of ECs through increasing the PB/PC (shear strength of bolt to that of C-channel) ratio. Increasing the core strength increased the shear resistance, but reduced the ductility of ECs due to the reduced PB/PC ratio. The ECs with Lc value of 50 mm offer the best ductility. Prestressing force acting on the bolts reduced the shear strength and ductility of ECs with UHPC. Analytical models were proposed to estimate the ultimate shear resistance and shear-slip behaviours of ECs with UHPC. The extensive validations of these models against 12 tests and 31 FEM analysis cases proved their reasonable evaluations on shear behaviours of ECs with UHPC.
KEYWORDS
Steel-concrete-steel sandwich structure, Connectors, Finite element, Push-out tests, Shear strength, Damage plasticity model, Composite structure, ABAQUS
REFERENCES
[1] Montague P., “A simple composite construction for cylindrical shells subjected to external pressure”, J Mech. Eng. Sci., 17 (2), 105–113, 1975.
[2] Solomon S.K., Smith D.W., Cusens A.R., “Flexural tests of steel–concrete–steel sandwiches”, Mag. Concr. Res., 28 (94), 13–20, 1976.
[3] Lin M., Lin W., Wang Q., Wang X., “The deployable element, a new closure joint construction method for immersed tunnel”, Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 80, 290-300, 2018.
[4] Foundoukos N., Xie M., and Chapman J.C., “Behaviour and design of steel-concrete-steel sandwich construction”, Adv. Steel Constr., 4(2), 123-133, 2008.
[5] Yan J.B., Chen A.Z., Wang T., “Developments of double skin composite walls using novel enhanced C-channel connectors”, Steel Compos. Struct., 33(6) 877-889, 2019.
[6] Zhang W.J., Koizumi A., “Behavior of composite segment for shield tunnel”, Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 25 (4), 325–332, 2010.
[7] Yan J.B., Liew J.Y.R., Zhang M.H., “Shear-tension interaction strength of J-hook connectors in steel-concrete-steel sandwich structure”, Adv. Steel Constr., 11(1), 72-93, 2015.
[8] Yan J.B., Liu X.M., Liew J.Y.R., Qian X., Zhang M.H., “Steel-concrete-steel sandwich system in Arctic offshore structures: materials, experiments, and design”, Mater. Design., 91, 111–121, 2016.
[9] Yan J.B., Wang Z., Wang X., “Behaviour of steel-concrete-steel sandwich plates under different ice-contact pressure”, Adv. Steel Constr., 15(1), 116-122, 2019.
[10] Lin Y.Z., Yan J.C., Cao Z.G., Zeng X.Z., Fan F., Zou C.Y., “Ultimate strength behaviour of S-UHPC-S and SCS sandwich beams under shear loads”, J. Constr. Steel Res., 149, 195–206, 2018.
[11] Yan J.B., Chen A.Z., Guan H.N., Wang T., “Experimental and numerical studies on ultimate strength behaviour of SCS sandwich beams with UHPFRC”, Constr. Build. Mater., 256, 119464, 2020.
[12] Marshall P.W., Palmer A.C., Liew J.Y.R., Wang T.Y., Thein M.K.W., “Bond Enhancement for Sandwich Shell Ice Wall”, International Conference and Exhibition on Performance of Ships and Structures in Ice, 20–23, 2010
[13] Yan J.B., Liew J.Y.R., Zhang M.H., Sohel K.M.A., “Experimental and analytical study on ultimate strength behaviour of steel-concrete-steel sandwich composite beam structures”, Mater. Struct., 48(5), 1523-1544, 2015.
[14] Ji X., Cheng X., Jia X., Varma A.H., “Cyclic in-plane shear behavior of double-skin composite walls in high-rise buildings. ASCE J. Struct. Eng., 143 (6), 04017025, 2017.
[15] Xie M., Foundoukos N., Chapman J.C., “Experimental and numerical investigation on the shear behaviour of friction-welded bar–plate connections embedded in concrete”, J. Constr. Steel Res., 61, 625–649, 2004.
[16] Kolsters H., Wennhage P., “Optimisation of laser welded sandwich panels with multiple design constraints. Mar. Struct., 22(2), 154-171, 2009.
[17] Yan J.B., Li Z.X., Wang T., “Seismic behaviour of double skin composite shear walls with overlapped headed studs”, Constr. Build. Mater., 191, 590–607, 2018.
[18] Chen L., Wang S., Lou Y., Xia D., “Seismic behavior of double-skin composite wall with L-shaped and C-shaped connectors”, J. Constr. Steel Res., 160, 255–270, 2019.
[19] Yan J.B., Hu H.T., Wang T., “Shear behaviour of novel enhanced C-channel connectors in steel-concrete-steel sandwich composite structures”, J. Constr. Steel Res., 166, 105903, 2020.
[20] Yan J.B., Guan H.N., Wang T., “Steel-UHPC-steel sandwich composite beams with novel enhanced C-channel connectors: Tests and analysis”, J. Constr. Steel Res., 170, 106077, 2020.
[21] Yan J.B., Guan H.N., Wang T., “Numerical studies on steel-UHPC-steel sandwich beams with novel enhanced C-channels”, J. Constr. Steel Res., 170, 106070, 2020.
[22] Yan J.B., Chen A.Z., Wang T., “Compressive behaviours of steel-UHPC-steel sandwich composite walls using novel EC connectors”, J. Constr. Steel Res., 173, 106244. 2020.
[23] Zhu J.S., Wang Y.G., Yan J.B., “Shear behaviour of steel-UHPC composite beams in waffle bridge deck”, Compos. Struct., 234, 111678, 2020.
[24] ABAQUS. ABAQUS Standard User’s Manual, Version 6.12, RI (USA): Dassault Systemes Corp, Providence, 2012.
[25] Yan J.B., Qian X., Liew J.Y.R., Zong L., “Damage plasticity based numerical analysis on steel–concrete–steel sandwich shells used in the Arctic offshore structure”, Eng. Struct., 117, 542-559, 2016.
[26] Yan J.B., Zhang W., “Numerical analysis on steel-concrete-steel sandwich plates by damage plasticity model: From materials to structures”, Constr. Build. Mater., 149,801-815, 2017.
[27] Lee J., Fenves G.L., “Plastic-damage model for cyclic loading of concrete structures”, J. Eng. Mech. ASCE, 124(8), 892–900, 1998.
[28] Eurocode 4 (2004). EN 1994-1-1-Design of composite steel and concrete structures. Part 1.1, General rules and rules for buildings, BS.
[29] Yan J.B., Hu H.T., Wang T., “Shear behaviour of enhanced C-channel connectors in double skin composite structures with UHPC”, Structures, 31, 266-285, 2021.