Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 69-80 (2024)
SEISMIC PERFORMANCE AND REPLACEABILITY OF STEEL FRAME
STRUCTURES WITH REPLACEABLE BEAM SEGMENTS
Ling-Yun Zhao 1, Dang Guo 2, Yuan-Qiang Yang 1, Yan-Song Diao 1, * and Xiu-Li Liu 1
1 School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Shandong Qingdao 266033, China
2 The First Company of China Eighth Engineering Division Ltd, Shandong Jinan 250000, China
*(Corresponding author: E-mail:This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
Received: 30 June 2023; Revised: 11 January 2024; Accepted: 29 January 2024
DOI:10.18057/IJASC.2024.20.1.8
 View Article |
Export Citation: Plain Text | RIS | Endnote |
ABSTRACT
This study assessed the seismic performance and replaceability of steel frame structures incorporating replaceable beam segments. A reduced-beam-section beam-column joint featuring a replaceable energy dissipation beam segment was specifically designed for this purpose. The joint underwent quasi-static analysis subjected to low-cycle reciprocating loading. The study extended to a single-story, single-span plane steel frame, where reduced-beam-section beam-column joints with replaceable energy dissipation beam segments were analyzed for hysteretic and deformation behavior. Moreover, the exploration of parameters such as end-plate opening clearance and rotation deformation was undertaken to inform the simplification of the overall plane frame model. Meanwhile, multi-scale models were developed for an eight-story, four-span, reduced-beam-section steel frame (RBSSF) with a replaceable energy dissipation beam segment and a rigid steel frame (RSF). These models were employed to analyze the elastoplastic time-history characteristics and the replaceability of the beam segment. The results demonstrated that the reduced-beam-section beam-column joint with a replaceable energy dissipation beam segment exhibited a relatively full hysteresis curve, affirming high ductility, energy dissipation, and plastic deformation capacities. Notably, damage and plastic development in the steel beam primarily concentrated in the low-yield-point replaceable energy dissipation beam segment. The small end-plate opening clearance ensured cooperative deformation between the end plates facilitated by the bolts. Comparatively, the RBSSF structure displayed superior seismic performance to the RSF structure during earthquakes, with the replaceable energy dissipation beam segment satisfying replaceability requirements under moderate seismic conditions.
KEYWORDS
Multi-scale model, Replaceability, Replaceable energy dissipation beam segment, Seismic performance, Steel frame
REFERENCES
[1] David, B., “The dilemma of existing buildings: Private property, public risk”, SPUR (San Francisco Bay Area Planning and Urban Research Association), 2009.
[2] Zhou, Y., Wu, H. and Gu, A.Q., “Earthquake engineering: from earthquake re-sistance, energy dissipation, and isolation, to resilience”, Engineering Mechanics, 36(6), 1-12, 2019. (In Chinese)
[3] Lü, X.L., Quan, L.M. and Jiang, H.J., “Research trend of earthquake resilient struc-tures seen from 16WCEE”, Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics, 37(03), 1-9, 2017. (In Chinese)
[4] Zhou, Y. and Lü, X.L., “State-of-the-art on rocking and self-centering structures”, Journal of Building Structures, 32(9), 1-10, 2011. (In Chinese)
[5] Lü, X.L. and Chen, C., “Research progress in structural systems with replaceable members”, Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics, 34(01), 27-36, 2014. (In Chinese)
[6] Housner, G.W., “The behavior of inverted pendulum structures during earthquakes”, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 53(2), 403-417, 1963.
[7] Wada, A., Qu, Z., Ito, H., Motoyui, S., Sakata, H. and Kasai, K., “Seismic Retrofit Using Rocking Walls and Steel Dampers”, ATC and SEI Conference on Improving the Seismic Performance of Existing Buildings and Other Structures, 2009.
[8] Zhang, F.W., Li, X.M., Xu, Q.F., Gong, C.C., Chen, X. and Liu, Q., “Experimental study on seismic behavior of frame-rocking wall structure”, Journal of Building Structures, 36(8), 73-81, 2015. (In Chinese)
[9] Li, Y.W., Li, G.Q., Jiang, J. and Wang, Y.B., “Seismic performance improvement of tension-only-braced frames with energy-dissipative rocking columns”, Engineering Structures, 196, 109286, 2019.
[10] Jia, M.M., Zhou, Z., Lü, D.G. and Yang, N., “Demand stiffness ratio and earthquake response analysis of rocking truss-steel frame system”, Engineering Mechanics, 35(10), 66-74, 2018. (In Chinese)
[11] Zhang, W.J., Li, G.Q. and Ssun, F.F., “Seismic behavior of rocking-truss-frame with dampers”, Journal of Tongji University (Natural Science), 47(9), 1235-1243, 2019. (In Chinese)
[12] Dong, J.Z., Zhang, F.W. and Li, X.M., “Experimental study on the seismic perfor-mance of frame-prestressed rocking wall structures”, Engineering Mechanics, 36(4), 167-176, 2019. (In Chinese)
[13] Du, Y.F. and Wu, D.Y., “Performance analysis of light energy dissipative rocking frame designed on the basis of stiffness demand”, China Civil Engineering Journal, 47(1), 24-35, 2014. (In Chinese)
[14] Chen, S.C., Liu, B.T., Cheng, S.N. and Yan, W.M., “Residual drift response analysis and calculated method of self-centering rocking wall structural systems”, Journal of Guangzhou University (Natural Science Edition), 15(1), 45-50, 2016. (In Chinese)
[15] Lin, Y.C., Sause, R. and Ricles, J., “Seismic Performance of a Large-Scale Steel Self-Centering Moment-Resisting Frame: MCE Hybrid Simulations and Qua-si-Static Pushover Tests”, Journal of Structural Engineering, 139(7), 1227-1236, 2013.
[16] Lin, Y.C., Sause, R. and Ricles, J.M., “Seismic Performance of Steel Self-Centering, Moment-Resisting Frame: Hybrid Simulations under Design Basis Earthquake”, Journal of Structural Engineering, 139(11), 1823-1832, 2013.
[17] Holden, T., Restrepo, J. and Mander, J.B., “Seismic Performance of Precast Rein-forced and Prestressed Concrete Walls”, Journal of Structural Engineering, 129(3), 286-296, 2003.
[18] Smith, B.J., Kurama, Y.C. and Mcginnis, M.J., “Behavior of Precast Concrete Shear Walls for Seismic Regions: Comparison of Hybrid and Emulative Specimens”, Journal of Structural Engineering, 139(11), 1917-1927, 2013.
[19] Wu, H., Lü, X.L., Jiang, H.J., Shi, W.X. and Li, J.B., “Experimental study on seismic performance of prestressed precast concrete shear walls”, Journal of Building Structures, 37(5), 208-217, 2016. (In Chinese)
[20] Gu, A.Q., Zhou, Y., Xiao, Y., Li, Q.W. and Qu, G., “Experimental study and param-eter analysis on the seismic performance of self-centering hybrid reinforced con-crete shear walls”, Soil Dynamics & Earthquake Engineering, 116, 409-420, 2019.
[21] Xu, L.H., Zhang, G. and Yan, X.T., “Seismic performance study of reinforced con-crete frame with self-centering braces”, Engineering Mechanics, 37(2), 90-97, 2020. (In Chinese)
[22] He, H.X., Liao, L.C. and Shi, T., “Damping performance experiment and damage analysis of replacement connection with low-yield-point steel”, Advanced Steel Construction, 17(2), 169-180, 2021.
[23] Chen, Y.Y. and He, X.Z., “Tests on moment resistant frame connection with re-placeable angles”, Steel Construction (Chinese＆English), 35(8), 1-16, 2020.
[24] Wang, M., Zhang, C.Y., Sun, Y. and Dong, K.P., “Seismic performance of steel frame with replaceable low yield point steel connection components and the effect of structural fuses”, Journal of Building Engineering, 47, 103862, 2022.
[25] Xu, L.H., Xie, X.S. and Li, Z.X., “Mechanics and performance study of self-centering variable damping energy dissipation brace”, Engineering Mechanics, 35(1), 201-208, 2018. (In Chinese)
[26] Jiang, Z.Q., Yang, X.F., Zhang, A.L., Niu, Z.Y. and Wang, Q., “Experimental study on energy consuming devices for earthquake-resilient prefabricated cross joints”, Journal of Building Structures, 41(1), 15-23, 2020. (In Chinese)
[27] Zhang, Y.X., Liu, A.R., Zhang, A.L. and Liu, X.C., “Seismic performance analysis of a resilient prestressed steel frame with intermediate column containing friction dampers”, Advanced Steel Construction, 13(3), 241-257, 2017.
[28] Luo, J.L., “Study on seismic performance of buckling restrained steel beam-column connections based on damage control”, Shandong University, 2018. (In Chinese)
[29] Shen, Y.L., Christopoulos, C., Mansour, N. and Tremblay, R., “Seismic design and performance of steel moment-resisting frames with nonlinear replaceable links,” Journal of Structural Engineering, 137(10), 1107-1117, 2011.
[30] Wang, J., “Experimental study on seismic behavior of replaceable steel beams in assembled RCS hybrid structures”, Huaqiao University, 2017. (In Chinese)
[31] Zhang, A.L., Zhang, Y.X., Zhao, W. and Fei, C.C., “Pseudo dynamic tests for a resili-ent prefabricated prestressed steel frame”, Journal of Vibration and Shock, 35(5), 207-215, 2016. (In Chinese)
[32] Castiglioni, C.A., Kanyilmaz, A. and Calado, L., “Experimental analysis of seismic resistant composite steel frames with dissipative devices”, Journal of Construc-tional Steel Research, 76, 1-12, 2012.
[33] Oh, S.H., Kim, Y.J. and Ryu, H.S., “Seismic performance of steel structures with slit dampers”, Engineering Structures, 31(9), 1997-2008, 2009.
[34] Shao, T.F. and Chen, Y.Y., “Experimental study on steel H-beams with replaceable energy dissipation angle”, Journal of Building Structures, 37(7), 38-45, 2016. (In Chinese)
[35] Hu, Y.Y., “Research on seismic damage-control fuses used in high-strength steel beam-to-column joint”, Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Ad-ministration, 2017. (In Chinese)
[36] He, H.X., Chen, K. and Li, R.F., “Seismic analysis of replaceable steel connection with low yield point metal”, Journal of Vibration, Measurement and Diagnosis, 36(6), 1050-1056, 2016. (In Chinese)
[37] Wang, M., Bi, P., Yang, W.G. and Wu, Z.Z., “Study on mechanical behavior of duc-tile steel frame connection with low yield point steel ‘structural fuse’”, Journal of Building Structures, 40(11), 90-101, 2019. (In Chinese)
[38] Chi, H. and Liu, J., “Seismic behavior of post-tensioned column base for steel self-centering moment resisting frame”, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 78, 117-130, 2012.
[39] GB50017-2014. “Standard for design of steel structures”, China Planning Publish-ing House, 2014. (In Chinese)
[40] GB50011-2010. “Code for seismic design of buildings”, China Building Industry Press, 2010. (In Chinese)
[41] AISC358-16. “Prequalified Connections for Special and Intermediate Steel Moment Frames for Seismic Applications”, American Institute of Steel Construction, 2016.
[42] Liu, W.T., “The GTN damage model with combined hardening rule”, Beijing Jiao-tong University, 2014. (In Chinese)
[43] ANSI/AISC 341-05. “Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings”, American Institute of Steel Construction, 2005.
[44] Zhang, A.L., Guo, Z.P., Liu, X.C. and Jiang, Z.Q., “Experimental study on aseismic behavior of prefabricated steel-frame-joints with Z-shaped cantilever-beam splic-ing”, Engineering Mechanics, 34(8), 31-41, 2017. (In Chinese)
[45] JGJ/T101-2015. “Specification for seismic test of buildings”, China Building Industry Press, 2015. (In Chinese)
[46] Shi, Y.J., Wang, M., Wang, Y.Q., “Analysis on seismic behavior of overall steel frame with different welded connection constructions”, Engineering Mechanics, 29(11), 71-79, 2012. (In Chinese)
[47] Wang, M., “Damage and degradation behaviors of steel frames under severe earth-quake”, Tsinghua University, 2013. (In Chinese)
[48] Hong, W., “Analysis of lateral collapse-resistance of steel frame based on beam-to-column connections and buckling restrained brace”, Southeast University, 2019. (In Chinese)
[49] ATC-63. “Quantification of Building Seismic Performance Factors”, ATC-63 Pro-ject Report, 2008.
[50] SEAOC. “Vision 2000: Performance based seismic engineering of building”, Structural Engineers Association of California, 1995.
[51] FEMA P 58-1, “Seismic Performance Assessment of Buildings”, Applied Technol-ogy Council and Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2012.
[52] Uma, S.R., Pampanin, S. and Christopoulos, C., “Development of Probabilistic Framework for Performance-Based Seismic Assessment of Structures Considering Residual Deformations”, Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 14(7), 1092-1111, 2010.
[53] Wu, D.Y. and Lü, X.L., “Probabilistic performance assessment of self-centering dual systems”, Journal of Building Structures, 38(8), 14-24, 2017. (In Chinese)
[54] Chen, Y.Y., He, X.Z., Ke, K. and Chen, Y.S., “Characteristics and technical issues on structural systems with replaceable damage-concentrated elements”, Journal of Building Structures, 37(2), 1-10, 2016. (In Chinese)